名词“variety”也是大家在论文的书写过程中经常错误使用的单词之一。这一名词有三类用法。下面将对这些用法的特征进行说明。

I. 第1种用法

意思：各种各样、不同的一些、不同种类。

作用：将存在的多种不同一齐指出。

1. We used a variety of methods to derive these results.
2. A variety of interesting results follow immediately from this theorem.

这里最应该注意的点是，因为“variety”所指的是复数的情况，因此也应该将其作为名词的复数形式来使用。如例句2中，“variety”作为主语的时候，它的动词也应该使用复数。

II. 第2种用法

意思：多样性。

作用：指出单数或复数的物体所表现出的样子或特性。

1. The most important point to note here is the great variety of adaptive behavior exhibited within the Microhexura genus.
2. In this particular case, variety is not necessarily desirable.

第二种用法里的“variety”与其说是复数的不同物体里的某一个体，不如说是将这些复数物体作为一个整体所表现出的“变化”。而这一变化作为一个个体，该用法下的“variety”也就成为了单数名词。又如同例句2里面体现的那样，很多情况下“variety”作为不可数名词来使用。

III. 第3种用法

意思：种类。

作用：指出不同类型中的某一个。

1. This variety of chaotic behavior is often seen in strongly perturbed gravitational orbits.
2. We investigate a variety of mineral deposit usually found only in the presence of large amounts of water.

这种用法下，“variety”作为可数名词的单数形式来使用。

化学论文中的「variety」使用实例

1. This reaction can be conducted with a variety of dihydronaphthalene derivatives and has been applied to very efficient syntheses of a range of natural products including elisapterosin B, colombiasin A, elisabethadione, the p-benzoquinone and erogorgiaene. DOI: 10.1038/nature06485
2. It detects interactions at very low energies and is thus non-invasive and applicable to a variety of targets, including animals and humans. DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2723
3. The reaction accepts both electron-rich and electron-deficient silicon reagents, accommodating a variety of functional groups including ethers, aryl halides, alkyl halides, esters, and amides DOI: 10.1126/science.aah6219
4. Practically, the requirement for bidentate coordination from substrates precludes the use of a variety of simple monodentate directing groups and native functional groups to direct C–H activation, an important goal of the field. DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf4434
5. Since their seminal work in the late 1990s, this area of chemistry has become extremely active, leading to a wide variety of solutions with broad utility in materials science and the pharmaceutical industry. DOI; 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02818
6. Heteroarylsilane derivatives are known to undergo a variety of powerful synthetic transformations; a number of representative examples are demonstrated here. DOI:  10.1038/nature14126

本文出自 Enago学术英语academy（日文版）

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